Recently, the Office of the Data Protection Commissioner (ODPC) directed Wananchi Group Limited, known as Zuku, to compensate a Kenyan Ksh500,000 for repeatedly sending promotional messages despite the individual having ceased being a client years ago.

As a customer, you should be aware that you have the right to take legal action against a company that persists in sending you unwanted promotional messages without your consent.

This article will walk you through the steps to stop them, from filing a complaint with the Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK) to pursuing legal action in court if necessary.

1. Gather Evidence

Before pursuing legal action, it is crucial to gather strong evidence to support your case. This includes:

•Screenshots of the messages – Ensure they clearly show the sender’s number, message content, and timestamps.

•Unsubscribe attempts – Keep records of any efforts to opt out, such as replying with “STOP,” using an unsubscribe link, or contacting customer support.

•Call logs or emails – If you contacted the company asking them to stop sending messages, document their response or lack thereof.

2. Confirm Your Consent Status

Verify whether you ever consented to receive marketing messages from the company. Your case will be stronger if you never gave explicit permission or if the company continued sending messages despite you opting out.

3. Contact the Company Directly

Contact the company directly and formally request that they stop sending you promotional messages. You can do this via email, phone, or social media. If they ignore or refuse your request, you have the right to escalate the issue by filing a formal complaint with the CAK or pursuing legal action.

4. Filing a Complaint with the Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK)

If the company continues to send promotional messages despite your request, file an official complaint with CAK which oversees consumer rights and regulates marketing practices.

To file a CAK Complaint, you are required to:

•Download the complaint form on the CAK website and access the consumer complaint form.

• Fill out your personal details, the company’s information, and describe the issue, including evidence of the unsolicited messages.

•Submit the completed complaint through CAK’s official channels , via email, online portal, or in-person submission.

The CAK will investigate and may mediate a resolution between you and the company.

5. Take Legal Action if Necessary

If CAK intervention does not resolve the issue, you may proceed with legal action.

Seek advice from a lawyer specializing in consumer protection law in Kenya. They will help determine whether the company violated privacy or consumer rights laws.

If necessary, your lawyer can initiate legal proceedings, seeking damages for privacy violations and unauthorized use of your personal data.

Taking legal action against a company for sending unwanted promotional messages is your right as a consumer in Kenya. By following the proper steps you can hold businesses accountable for violating your privacy. If you face persistent violations, seeking legal advice can help you explore further remedies, including compensation for any harm caused.

He later apologized after facing backlash from netizens on X, who accused him of misleading the public by using AI-generated media to push a government narrative.

Korir Sing’Oei was appointed Principal Secretary for Foreign Affairs in the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs in 2022 after President William Ruto took office.

As Deputy President, Ruto relied on Korir Sing’Oei as his Senior Legal Advisor, where he guided intergovernmental relations and oversaw international development partnerships, emphasizing open governance and the rule of law.

Korir is a legal and policy expert specializing in human rights law, with a focus on minority and indigenous rights, decentralization, land and resource governance, environmental and climate issues, and Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC).

Education

The lawyer is a former student of Moi High School Kabarak and later pursued Law and Global Public Policy at the University of Nairobi.

He later joined the University of Minnesota Law School, where he earned a Master of Laws in International Law and Legal Studies.

He holds a Master of Laws in Comparative Human Rights Systems degree from the University of Pretoria, South Africa.

He later pursued a PhD in Energy, Environment, and Natural Resources Law at the University of Cape Town.

Academic Achievements

Sing’Oei was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Minnesota School of Public Affairs in 2007/08.

Korir is an accomplished author whose scholarly work has been featured in reputable international legal journals and edited volumes.

His most recent publication, Empowering Paradigms in African Property Law, was released in December 2013 by the African Institute of South Africa (AISA).

Career

Dr. Sing’Oei is an expert in international law and leads Kenya’s Open Government Partnership initiative.

He formerly held roles as Litigation Director at Katiba Institute, Conflict and Rule of Law Specialist at USAID, and Founding Director of the Centre for Minority Rights Development (CEMIRIDE).

He has also served as a Research Fellow at the Centre for Justice and International Law in Washington, D.C.

Sing’Oei is an Advocate of the High Court of Kenya and has studied Law and Global Public Policy at Tilburg Law School in the Netherlands.

He was part of the legal team that represented Ruto at the International Criminal Court (ICC) when the then Deputy President faced charges of crimes against humanity.

Sing’Oei is a member of several professional organizations, including the Law Society of Kenya, the International Commission of Jurists – Africa Section, the American Society of International Law, and the American Bar Association as an associate member.

She was also the mother of Nairobi Governor Johnson Sakaja. Her success on the track brought pride to the nation and inspired future generations, proving that Kenya could excel beyond long-distance running.

Ayoti is regarded as one of Kenya’s fastest sprinters, with only a few athletes matching her achievements in short-distance events. Her sprinting career flourished in the 1970s, during which she dominated regional competitions.

She won gold in the 100m race at the 1971 East and Central African Championships. That same year, she also earned the title of East African champion in the 200m race.

Her exceptional speed and consistency secured her a place in Team Kenya for the 1975 Commonwealth Games, where she competed against some of the world’s top sprinters. While Kenya was widely known for its dominance in long-distance running, Ayoti demonstrated that the nation could also shine in sprinting.

Outside her athletic career, Emily served as a senior officer in the Kenya Prisons Service at Lang’ata Women’s Prison. A former student of Kenya High School, she later pursued higher education, earning a Bachelor of Arts in Design from the University of Nairobi in 1983.

In December 2024, President William Ruto posthumously awarded Emily the National Heroes Award in recognition of her remarkable contributions to Kenyan athletics. Her children, including Governor Sakaja, accepted the honor on her behalf, expressing their gratitude for the recognition of their mother’s enduring legacy.

In a statement on X, Sakaja expressed his gratitude for the recognition of their mother, whom he described as a true champion.

“Received the National Heroes Award posthumously together with my siblings, honouring the late Emily Ayoti Kubasu Sakaja. A Kenyan athletic great and our Mum. Thank you, President William Ruto, PS Ummi Bashir and the National Heroes Council for acknowledging our champion,” Sakaja wrote.

In 2021, Sakaja spoke on Churchill Show about his mother and the void she left after her passing in 1994 when he was just nine years old.

“My mum used to work in government, she died in 1994. I was nine years old, but we continued staying in government quarters. But in 1997, we had to move,” he said.

Sakaja, reflecting on how remarkable his mother was, acknowledged her significant contributions to the country.

“Oh, my mum. My mum was a champion. She died young, she was 41. At that time, she was one of the senior ladies in the prison service at Langata Women’s, ” Sakaja said.

Early Life and Education

Tiffany spent her early years in Kenya, attending West Nairobi School, where she graduated in May 2016. During high school, she developed an interest in governance through her involvement in Student Government and the Model United Nations.

She pursued higher education at the University of Tampa in Florida, USA, enrolling in September 2016. There, she earned a degree in Political Science with a concentration in World Affairs and a minor in Criminal Justice.

Her academic journey was marked by active participation in various student organizations, including the International Student Organization, the United Nations Student Alliance, and the African Student Association.

Professional Endeavors

Tiffany’s passion for politics and human rights led her to engage in practical experiences during her time in the United States. Prior to her move, she interned at the Prof Tom Ojienda and Associates law firm.

Her work entailed conducting research, accompanying advocates to court sessions and maintaining the highest level of confidentiality of private and personal information.

The internship prepared her for a role as a Field Organizer for the Texas Democratic Party in Houston, Texas.

Her career aspirations are currently centered around working full-time with nonprofit or intergovernmental organizations, focusing on humanitarian efforts and advocacy for human rights.

Political Involvement In Kenya

Tiffany played a key role in her mother Susan Kihika’s successful 2022 gubernatorial campaign, gaining valuable political experience and sparking speculation about her own future in Kenyan politics.

Personal Life

Despite her public engagements, Tiffany maintains a discreet personal life, selectively sharing on social media. In February 2023, her family made headlines after Governor Susan Kihika hosted a lavish birthday celebration in her honor, attended by high-profile figures such as Kirinyaga Governor Anne Waiguru and Cabinet Secretary Aisha Jumwa.

Others who attended include MP Naisula Leesuda, EALA MP Falhada Dekow, former CAS Rachael Shebesh, former Nominated Senator Millicent Omanga, Keroche Heiress Anerlisa Muigai.

Family Dynamics

Tiffany has a younger sister, Ashley, and a newborn sibling recently welcomed by Governor Susan Kihika. The family maintains a strong bond, often supporting each other’s endeavors and celebrating key milestones together.

Tiffany Kiarie’s blend of academic excellence, professional dedication, and political engagement positions her as a promising figure in humanitarian and political spheres.

In the afternoon, he stepped out briefly before returning around 4 p.m. However, on Sunday, February 16, at 11:15 a.m., he left the hotel once again—this time without coming back. Multiple calls to his UK-registered phone went unanswered, leading to a missing person report being filed at Parklands Police Station later that evening.

The Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) took over the case on Monday, launching a search across Nairobi whcih was unsuccessful. The detectives have since sought Interpol’s assistance to access his call records and piece together his last known movements.

Scott is the senior director of product management at the Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO), an American data analytics company specialising in credit evaluation.

Scott serves as the senior director of product management at Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO), a U.S.-based data analytics firm specializing in credit evaluation.

The firm developed FICO Scores, which are used to evaluate an individual’s creditworthiness for loan approvals, interest rate determination, and credit limit setting.

Campbell Scott oversees product management for international FICO Scores, providing high-quality risk analytics to financial institutions globally. A key aspect of his role is advancing financial inclusion by developing innovative credit solutions for underserved populations.

With vast experience in data analytics, regulatory compliance, and financial services, he ensures FICO’s products align with industry standards while managing customer-facing activities like marketing, sales, and partner relations. He collaborates closely with global credit bureaus and key decision-makers to develop customized financial solutions.

His expertise covers credit risk, fraud prevention, affordability assessment, AML/KYC compliance, and business intelligence, positioning him as a key player in the global financial technology sector.

With a finance background, he has built a three-decade career across various institutions, including the Royal Bank of Scotland, Trust Research Services Limited, Equiniti Limited, and Experian Data Quality in the UK.

He was in Nairobi for a TransUnion-hosted workshop, representing FICO in strengthening partnerships and advancing credit evaluation strategies for emerging markets.

Police have recorded statements from at least five people, including security guards and hotel staff, as the search for Scott continues.

Doctor No Parent operates in Kenya through GardaWorld Limited, where Crétier is the CEO, trading as Kenya Kazi Services better known as KK Security Limited.

KK Security provides services like manned security guarding, facilities management, canine security, VIP protection, and cash-in-transit.

“The CAK has approved the proposed acquisition of sole control of Doctor No Parent Limited by Mr Cretier unconditionally,” the regulator said in a statement.

“This approval has been granted based on the finding that the transaction is unlikely to negatively impact competition in the market for the provision of private security and facility management, nor elicit negative public interest concerns,” the competition watchdog explained.

GardaWorld offers solutions such as security guard services, cash transportation, and risk management across various industries and countries. Under his leadership, GardaWorld has expanded internationally and now operates in more than 40 countries.

Career

Stephan began the company in 1995 with an investment of $25,000( Kshs 3.28 million) he raised by placing a second mortgage on his home.

His entry into the security industry was unexpected. While on an international scouting trip to the USA, he worked as a store detective and noticed that recruiters weren’t properly vetting security guards.

Seeing this gap, he decided to take action. Drawing from his background in baseball and umpiring, he founded GardaWorld, focusing on professionalism and stricter hiring standards to improve security services.

His early months as an entrepreneur were tough, with the pressure of nearly filing for bankruptcy four times. However, as time passed, the business began to grow, and in his first year, he earned $600,000 (Kshs 77.5 million).

Fast forward to today, and GardaWorld now generates over $5 billion (Kshs 647.7 million) in annual revenue. It has become one of the largest employers in the security industry, with 122,000 employees worldwide.

The security mogul privatized GardaWorld in a $1.1 billion( kshs 142 billion) deal with the support of private equity firm Apax Partners. Later, in 2019, he led the largest buyout in Canadian history, valued at $5.2 billion(Kshs 672 billion), in collaboration with BC Partners. As a result, Crétier and selected management now own 49% of GardaWorld, allowing him to retain significant control over the company.

How To Join KK Security

To join KK Security, you need to be physically fit, have a clean criminal record, hold a valid security guard license, complete the necessary training, and exhibit excellent customer service skills.

Depending on the role, additional qualifications may be required, such as expertise in canine handling or close protection for specialized positions. All candidates must also adhere to the high standards of compliance and ethical conduct set by the GardaWorld group.

To apply for a role at the company, visit the KK Security Careers page to submit your CV or express interest in a role with KK Security.

Check the box of your country of origin, fill in your first and last name, add your email address and phone number and submit your CV.

Ensure you state the subject and body of your application in the dedicated input fields.

Only shortlisted candidates are contacted for interview.

The RSF is a paramilitary group in Sudan, originally formed in 2013, made of several militia factions, including the notorious Janjaweed militia, which had been involved in the Darfur conflict.

Initially formed to combat rebels in the Darfur region, it took over from Janjaweed which had been accused of committing serious human rights violations and has risen to become the most powerful and controversial forces in Sudan due to its large size, military capability, and control.

The movement is led by General Hamdan Mohamed Dagalo, widely known as ‘Hemedti’ or “Little Mohamed,”. The military leader has risen from humble beginnings to become one of the most powerful figures in Sudan’s political and military landscape.

Born around 1974 in Darfur, Hemedti comes from the Mahariya tribe of the Rizeigat community, a group deeply involved in camel trading. With limited formal education—having dropped out of school at a young age —he started his career as a camel trader.

Hemedti’s rise to power began in his youth when his trade convoy was attacked, resulting in the death of 60 of his family members and the theft of his camels. In response, he joined the Janjaweed, an Arab militia group that played a significant role in the Darfur conflict, which escalated in the early 2000s.

Hemedti rose through the ranks during the Darfur conflict, becoming a key ally of Sudan’s former dictator, Omar al-Bashir. His leadership in crushing opposition led to his appointment as commander of the Janjaweed, and later, as the leader of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a paramilitary group formed in 2013.

Dagalo rose to the rank of lieutenant general, gaining significant autonomy, which allowed him to seize control of lucrative gold mines in Darfur that belonged to a rival tribal leader. This move greatly expanded his wealth. Under his leadership, the RSF quickly became one of the most dominant and feared military factions in Sudan.

Despite his close ties with al-Bashir, Hemedti turned on him during the 2019 Sudanese uprising, which led to al-Bashir’s overthrow. He positioned himself as a key figure in the transitional government that followed, holding the title of deputy head of the Transitional Military Council.

He would later become part of the Sovereignty Council, a power-sharing arrangement between military and civilian leaders, meant to guide Sudan towards civilian rule.

During the uprising however, his forces faced accusations of committing atrocities, including the massacre of over 100 protesters, which further tarnished his reputation for ruthlessly cracking down on opposition, although he denied any role in the events.

In 2021, under Hemedti’s leadership, the RSF staged a coup that further destabilized Sudan’s already fragile political system, overthrowing the civilian-military government that had been established in 2019. This sparked widespread violence between the Sudanese army and the RSF, pushing the country to the brink of civil war.

His influence has attracted global criticism, as his forces have been involved in numerous human rights violations like killings, rape and torture. Despite his political maneuvering, he has faced sanctions from the United States, which have further complicated his international relations.

Despite al-Bashir and other officials facing ICC charges for genocide, Dagalo has not been charged, despite accusations of war crimes by his forces over the past decade.

Kenya hence finds itself in a challenging position. While President William Ruto supports Sudan’s internationally recognized government, Kenya’s involvement with the RSF undermines its diplomatic relations. The RSF’s establishment of a parallel government in Nairobi only worsens the complexity of Kenya’s stance.

This means that all Kenyan currency will now be printed abroad, a strategic decision influenced by key developments and considerations.

Historically, Kenya’s currency was printed by UK firm De La Rue that operated a plant in Nairobi. The Kenyan government acquired a 40% stake in De La Rue Kenya EPZ Limited, in a venture that saw the production of the 2019 series of Kenyan banknotes.

In January 2023, De La Rue announced its exit from Kenya, citing a challenging economic environment. The closure followed a Ksh1 billion fine by the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA), which significantly strained its finances. Rising operational costs, particularly those linked to mass layoffs, eventually led to the shutdown of its Nairobi plant.

De La Rue’s exit forced CBK to find a new currency printer to maintain a steady supply of banknotes. Several companies competed for the contract, including Germany’s Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technologies, Sweden’s Crane Currency, and France’s Oberthur Fiduciaire.

By mid-2023, CBK recognized that Kenya was facing the risk of running out of banknotes, particularly the KSh1,000 notes. This posed significant economic and security risks. To avoid a cash shortage, CBK swiftly sought a qualified company capable of printing enough money to meet the country’s demand.

Giesecke+Devrient (G+D), a well-established firm known for its expertise in secure currency printing, was chosen for the contract. The decision was based on G+D’s strong track record and its experience working with African countries like Nigeria and South Africa, providing advanced currency printing and security services.

CBK chose a classified procurement process to maintain confidentiality, in line with global security standards. The bank also followed the required government guidance and obtained approval before finalizing the deal.

For the Kshs 14.2 billion contract, Kenya will receive 60 million KSh 1,000 banknotes, 170 million KSh 500 banknotes, 260 million KSh 200 banknotes, 690 million KSh 100 banknotes, and 460 million KSh 50 banknotes.

The firm is responsible for the newly designed 2024-series banknotes, which feature enhanced security measures and improved durability. The new designs include updated features and security threads with color-changing effects, unique to each denomination.

The banknotes feature the signatures of the Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya, Dr. Kamau Thugge, and the Principal Secretary of the National Treasury, Dr. Chris Kiptoo.

They also showcase a 2024 print year and a new security thread with color-changing effects, unique to each denomination.

The thread known as the iridescent band displays ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence, providing an extra layer of security to protect against counterfeiting.

Karangu recently married his second wife, Carol Kim, and made a lavish Valentine’s Day gesture by gifting her a bouquet of flowers, which did not sit well with Trizah.

After much reflection, she announced that she was leaving her marriage, having struggled with it for some time.

The mother of three broke down on TikTok, sharing that she was depressed and had even sought medical help, accusing her husband of causing her pain.

She was taken to the hospital by TikToker Essy Wanjiku, who appealed to musician Samidoh’s estranged first wife, Edday Nderitu, to help Trizah leave the country and move to the United States.

Karangu’s attempts to make amends have been met with silence. In a video shared on social media, he urged her to consider their children and asked the public to stop insulting him, but she has yet to respond.

Another Tiktoker Esther Baumbach rallied support on TikTok and successfully crowdfunded over Kshs 600,000, as part of an initiative to raise Ksh 3 million within three days to help Trizah start a new life.

“A very good friend of mine has pledged KSh 100,000, I will bring it there tomorrow,” she said.

A portion of this lump sum will be allocated to Njeri’s upcoming business ventures, which she revealed she plans to launch soon.

Her first business will focus on shoes and clothing, with the proceeds coming from a donation she received from her supporters.

“She will receive a bale of shoes worth KSh 20,000 and Rish Kamunge has also pledged another one. It will also go hand in hand with a bale of clothes,” Esther said.

She received a brand new phone worth Kshs 30,000, which Esther revealed would be used for contacting her donors and suppliers.

“For the phone, she will be given a Samsung Galaxy S25 Galaxy and anytime you guys are ready we will connect you,” she added.

The icing on the cake will be a trip to Dubai for an extravagant holiday as soon as she gets a passport. Baumbach mentioned that she would personally purchase the ticket and cover the visa costs once Trizah has her passport.

However, Karangu remains hopeful that Trizah will return and appealed to her to consider their family’s future.

“A day will come when we solve issues with my wife. My wife please come home, and we can talk,” Muraya said.

Eligibility Requirements

• Age and Consent: Both parties must be at least 18 years old and consent to the marriage.

• Marital Status: Both individuals must be single, divorced, or widowed. If applicable, proof of divorce or a death certificate is required and must be at least two years old.

• Prohibited Relationships: The couple must not be closely related by blood or marriage.

Required Documents 

1. The couple must provide a valid national identification cards or passports for both parties.

2. They must produce their original birth certificates for both individuals.

3. A sworn affidavit confirming marital status is required—separate affidavits for individuals who are not married or a joint affidavit for those married under customary law.

4. A Certificate of No Impediment is required for foreign nationals, issued by their home country to confirm that no legal barriers prevent the marriage.

Process of Civil Marriage

1. Notice of Intention to Marry

The couple must pay Kshs 600 to obtain a ‘Notice of Intention to Marry’ and submit the completed form to the Registrar of Marriages. The notice is then publicly displayed on the office’s notice board for 21 days to allow for any objections.

2. Marriage Interview

Once the 21-day notice period elapses, both parties must attend an interview with the Registrar to verify the authenticity of their information and documents.

3. Fee Payment

After successfully completing the interview, the couple must pay a fee of Kshs 3,300 online to book the marriage solemnization. A date is then assigned for the official ceremony.

4. Solemnization of Marriage

The marriage ceremony is officiated by the Registrar on a scheduled date, which must occur within 90 days from the notice submission.

On the appointed day, the couple is invited into the marriage room, where the official reads a paragraph outlining the consequences of separation in the future. After confirming their understanding of the clause, they exchange rings, sign the certificate, and are then pronounced husband and wife.

Witnesses must be present in the civil marriage process in Kenya. Two witnesses are required and must be aged 18 or older, and can be friends, family members, or anyone chosen by the couple. Their role is to observe the ceremony and sign the marriage certificate, which helps to validate the union.

Civil Marriage by Special License

Couples can apply for a special license if they need to waive the 21-day notice period due to urgent circumstances. This application requires valid reasons and may incur additional fees.

The process is similar to that of a civil marriage, with an initial payment of Kshs 600 for the notice. After successfully completing the interview, the couple will need to pay a fee of Kshs 9,700 via the eCitizen platform to book the wedding, provided the ceremony is held at the Registrar’s office.

Both applicants must have been residents in Kenya for at least seven days prior to the application, and the marriage must take place within 14 days of approval.

Where Civil Marriages are conducted in Kenya

Civil marriages can be registered at the Registrar of Marriages offices in various towns, including Nairobi, Nakuru, Eldoret, Kisumu, Malindi, Embu, Meru, Kisii, and Machakos.