Cabbage farming is an attractive money making venture for farmers due to the vegetable’s immense popularity in Kenyan households. Growing the crop requires specific care and dedication to reap maximum profits from your investment.
You only need basic knowledge to embark on cabbage farming as the crop is relatively easy to cultivate and has a short growing period, which is ideal for a farmer who seeks to maximise their profits quickly.
However, you need to observe various management practices to ensure optimal growth of your crop.
Here is what to do when starting and during cabbage farming :
Choose the right climate and soil
Cabbage does well in cool climates with well-drained, loam soil rich in organic matter. Prepare the soil well by mixing it with plenty of compost or manure before planting to improve soil fertility and drainage. Ensure the soil has a pH of 6.0 to 6.5. Conduct soil testing to determine nutrient levels and make necessary amendments.
Provide adequate water
Cabbage requires consistent moisture, especially during head formation. It is advisable to maintain a stable stream of water to moisten the ground, and hence incorporate drip irrigation if possible to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilize regularly
Cabbage requires a lot of nutrients, so apply a balanced fertilizer based on soil test results. Use fertilizers that contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and apply them at appropriate growth stages to promote healthy plant development.
Control pests and diseases
Keep an eye out for common cabbage pests such as aphids and cabbage worms, as well as diseases like black rot. Use organic or chemical control methods as necessary.
Rotate crops
To prevent soilborne diseases, incorporate crop rotation into your planting plan by alternating cabbage with non-cruciferous crops. These include tomatoes, carrots, onions or beans
Harvest at the right time
Harvest cabbage when heads are firm and dense. Avoid over-harvesting, as this can affect yield. Avoid delaying harvest, as mature cabbages left in the field too long can split and become overripe,or even come tough and bitter.
With these guidelines in mind, it is important to also understand what you should not do as a cabbage farmer to avoid impacting the crop:
Don’t plant cabbage in hot climates
Planting cabbage in hot climates leads to poor growth, bolting (premature flowering), smaller and looser heads, increased susceptibility to pests and diseases, and reduced overall yield.
Don’t overwater or underwater
Cabbage is a delicate plant, and once exposed to excessive water , it can lead to root rot and split heads. On the other hand, exposure to insufficient water stresses the plants and reduce yields.
Don’t neglect weed control:
Do not neglect weed control, as weeds can compete with cabbages for nutrients and harbor pests.
Use Excessive Chemicals
While controlling weeds , avoid over-reliance on chemical pesticides and fertilizers, as they harm beneficial organisms and lead to resistance issues.
Don’t ignore nutrient deficiencies
The general appearance of the crop should tell you whether it is thriving or not. Yellowing leaves or stunted growth can indicate nutrient problems. Address these issues promptly with appropriate fertilizers or soil amendments.
Seasoned cabbage farmers have also shared various tips they swear by, that have proven to fastrack their success in the venture. Here are some of them:
Start seedlings indoors
Seeding indoors allows you to have control over how your plants sprout. You are able to manage environmental conditions, extend the growing season, protect young plants from pests and diseases, and produce stronger seedlings.
Harden off seedlings before transplanting
Hardening off seedlings before transplanting helps them gradually acclimate to outdoor conditions, reducing transplant shock and increasing their chances of survival and healthy growth.
Space plants appropriately
Proper spacing allows for good air circulation and prevents diseases. It also helps avoid competition by the plants for nutrients.
Protect cabbage from frost
It is important to note that not all moisture is good for young plants , as when temperatures are dangerously cold, frost may occur leading to freezing. It is best to cover young plants with row covers if frost is expected.
Consider intercropping:
Incorporating diferrent companion plants like radishes or onions can help deter pests from the crop. Leverage on the use of different crops as natural pesticides to create a thriving ecosystem without use of factory-made chemicals.
In summary, successful cabbage farming in Kenya hinges on following these best practices and avoiding common mistakes to ensure a healthy crop and achieve a profitable harvest. With careful attention and dedication, cabbage farming can be a highly rewarding venture.
